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2016年高考英語全國3卷真題解析
2016年全國卷3卷閱讀理解以考查細節(jié)題為主，大部分都能從文中找到做題的依據(jù)。下面是小編分享的全國3卷真題及答案解析，希望能對大家有所幫助!
第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Music
Opera at Music Hall: 1243 Elm Street. The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September. The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts. Phone: 241-2742.
Chamber Orchestra: The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which offers several concerts from March through June. Call 723-1182 for more information.
Symphony Orchestra: At Music Hall and Riverbend. For ticket sales, call 381-3300. Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall in summer at Riverbend.
College Conservatory of Music (CCM): Performances are on the main campus(校園) of the university, usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater. CCM organizes a variety of events, including performances by the well-known LaSalle Quartet, CCM’s Philharmonic Orchestra, and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music. Students with I.D. cards can attend the events for free. A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556-4183.
Riverbend Music Theater: 6295 Kellogg Ave. Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover (price difference).Big name shows all summer long! Phone:232-6220. .
1.Which number should you call if you want to see an opera?
A. 241-2742. B. 723-1182.
C. 381-3300. D. 232-6220.
2.When can you go to a concert by Chamber Orchestra?
A. February. B. May. C. August. D. November.
3.Where can students go for free performances with their I.D. cards?
A. Music Hall. B. Memorial Hall.
C. Patricia Cobbett Theater. D. Riverbend Music Theater.
4.How is Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places?
A. It has seats in the open air.
B. It gives shows all year round.
C. It offers membership discounts.
D. It presents famous musical works.
【答案】
1.A
2.B
3.C
4.A
1.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“opera”定位到第一個活動，第一個活動的聯(lián)系電話是241-2742，故選A。
2.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Chamber Orchestra”定位到第二個活動，根據(jù)“which offers several concerts from March through June”可知，活動舉辦時間是3-6月，故選B。
3.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“with their I.D. cards”定位到第四個活動中的“Students with I.D. cards can attend the events for free.”，根據(jù)“usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater”可知答案，故選C。
考點：廣告類短文閱讀
【名師點睛】
閱讀理解中細節(jié)理解題的干擾項的設置手法體現(xiàn)在下列幾個原則： 1.包含項原則 在答案選項分析中，假如對A選項的理解概括了對其它三項(或其中某一項)的理解，那么我們就說選項A與其他三項是包含或概括關系，包含項A往往就是正確答案。如在“花”與“玫瑰”兩選項中，正確答案肯定是“花”，花包含了玫瑰,因為玫瑰肯定是花，但花并不一定是玫瑰。 2.正反項原則 所謂正反項，是指兩選項陳述的命題完全相矛盾。根據(jù)形式邏輯排中律知識：兩個相互矛盾的判斷不能都是假的，其中必有一真。所以在閱讀理解中，假如四選項中A、B互為正反項，那我們通常先排除C、D項，正確答案一般在A、B項當中取其一。 3.委婉項原則 所謂委婉，這里是指說話不能說死，要留有余地。閱讀理解選項中語氣平和、委婉的往往是正確答案。這些選項一般含有不十分肯定或試探性語氣的表達，如：probably, possibly, may, usually, might, most of, more or less,relatively, be likely to, not necessary, although, yet, in addition，tend to，be liable to等等，而含有絕對語氣的表達往往不是正確答案，如：must, always, never, the most,all, every, any, merely, only, completely, none, hardly, already等等。 4.同形項原則 幾個選項如存在形式與結構上的相似，那它們就互為同形項。同形項組可喻為高爾夫球場上的“果嶺”，而正確答案就是果嶺上的“球洞”。命題者往往先將正確答案設置在一個大命題范圍，然后通過語言形式的細微變化來考察考生的理解能力與分析能力。同形項原則告訴我們：詞匯與句法結構相似的選項一般存在有正確答案。 5.常識項原則 在議論文當中，那些符合一般常識，意義深刻富有哲理，符合一般規(guī)律，屬于普遍現(xiàn)象的選項往往是正確答案。 6.因果項原則 閱讀理解邏輯推理基本都是通過因果鏈進行的，前因后果，一步步循序漸進。然而，在推理題型的選項中，有的選項會推理不到位(止于前因)，或者推理過頭(止于后果)，這就是所謂的干擾項。因果項原則規(guī)定：假如四個選項中有兩項互為同一事物推理過程中的因果關系，那么正確答案就是這兩個因果項中的其中之一。如果因項可以產(chǎn)生幾個結果，那么答案就是因項;如果果項可以對應幾個原因，那么答案就是果項。
B
On one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table.
“Hey, aren’t you from Mississippi?” the elegant, white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger. “I’m from Mississippi too.”
Without a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.
“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi,” Welty said. “I didn’t know what my New York friends were thinking.”
Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside. Welty’s new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, her big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi.
“My friends said: ‘Now we believe your stories,’” Welty added. “And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.’”
Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.
“I don’t make them up,” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years. “I don’t have to.”
Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment(片段) of a particularly interesting story.
5.What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?
A. Two strangers joined her.
B. Her childhood friends came in.
C. A heavy rain ruined the dinner.
D. Some people held a party there.
6.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty’s.
A. readers B. parties C. friends D. stories
7.What can we learn about the characters in Welty’s fiction?
A. They live in big cities.
B. They are mostly women.
C. They come from real life.
D. They are pleasure seekers.
【答案】
5.A
6.D
7.C
6.D猜測詞義題。劃線的them指代前面提到的人或物，根據(jù)“Now we believe your stories”可知，them指代的是Welty寫的小說里面的故事，聽了Welty和兩個陌生人的有關密西西比的談話之后，Welty的朋友相信了Welty小說里的故事都是來源于生活，故選D。
7.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)“I don’t make them up”和“Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus.”可知，Welty小說里的人物并非虛構的，他們都來源于現(xiàn)實的生活，故選C。
考點：故事類短文閱讀
【名師點睛】
猜詞技巧：閱讀理解的測試中經(jīng)常有猜測詞、短語、習語意義的題目，這些詞、短語、習語要么是生詞，要么是熟詞新義，單靠平時積累是不夠的，還要掌握一定的做題技巧�？偨Y如下： (1)根據(jù)構詞法(轉化、合成、派生)進行判斷。 (2) 根據(jù)文中的定義、解釋猜生詞 ;利用事例或解釋猜生詞;利用重復解釋的信息猜生詞。 (3)根據(jù)上下文的指代關系進行選擇：文章中的代詞it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that還可以指一件事。第6題就是屬于對指代關系進行判斷。 (4)根據(jù)轉折或對比關系進行判斷：根據(jù)上下句的連接詞，如but，however，otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意義上的差別，從而依據(jù)某一句的含義，來確定另一句的含義。 (5)根據(jù)因果關系進行判斷：俗話說，“有因必有果，有果必有因”。根據(jù)原因可以預測結果，根據(jù)結果也可以找出原因。 (6)根據(jù)同位關系進行判斷：閱讀中有時出現(xiàn)新詞、難詞，后面就跟著一個同位語，對前面的詞進行解釋，有時這種解釋也用連詞“or”連接。 (7)利用標點符號和提示詞猜測詞義。還可以表示轉折、對比或不相干的意義。破折號表示解釋說明。 常見問題形式有： (1)The word “…” in Line … means/can be best replaced by … (2)As used in the passage, the phrase??uggests?(3)Fromheassage,eannferhatheord/phrase?theentence??s/referso?means?(4)Theord??slosestneaningo?。還可以表示轉折、對比或不相干的意義。破折號表示解釋說明?
常C
If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around.
It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but sinceit has
caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.
Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn’t taste of anything special, it’s still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.
There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you’ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.
At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.
Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果園).If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.
8.What can people do at the apple events?
A. Attend experts’ lectures. B. Visit fruit-loving families.
C. Plant fruit trees in an orchard. D. Taste many kinds of apples.
9.What can we learn about Decio?
A. It is a new variety. B. It has a strange look.
C. It is rarely seen now. D. It has a special taste.
10.What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3mean?
A. A practical idea. B. A vain hope.
C.A brilliant plan. D. A selfish desire.
11.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show how to grow apples.
B .To introduce an apple festival.
C. To help people select apples.
D. To promote apple research.
【答案】
8.D
9.C
10.B
11.B
【解析】
試題分析：作者向人們介紹了一個節(jié)日--Apple Day。由于這個節(jié)日翡翠受歡迎，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)演變成“蘋果月”了。在英國，人們在十月份慶祝該節(jié)日，持續(xù)大約一個月的時間。
8.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples.”可知，參加相關的慶祝活動的人們可以品嘗各種各樣的蘋果，故選D。
9.C推理判斷題。故選C。
11.B寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段“if you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around. ”和最后一段“If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.”可知，作者向讀者介紹了一個節(jié)日—Apple Day，并推薦人們參加這個節(jié)日，故選B。
考點：生活故事類短文閱讀
【名師點睛】
故事類文章是高考閱讀理解常選材料之一。這類文章常通過敘述突出人物性格特征或講述個人經(jīng)歷與感悟，以及逸聞趣事。文章的要素有時間、地點、人物、事件等。有些是按事件發(fā)展的經(jīng)過為主線敘述的，在敘述的過程中有詳有略;有些是按時間的順序敘述的，有順敘、倒敘等。 解題技巧： 1、高考選用的此類文章常常為幽默類或情感類故事，其目的或闡明某種觀點，或抨擊某種陋習，或贊揚某種品德，所以要關注作者表達的個人感悟，提出的個人意見，或故事中出其不意的變化，而這些往往體現(xiàn)文章中心或寫作意圖，屬于必考點。例如第11題，考查寫作意圖。作者向讀者介紹了一個節(jié)日—Apple Day，并推薦人們參加有關的活動。 2、該類文章語言流暢、有趣，命題往往從故事的情節(jié)、人物或事件之間的關系、作者的意圖和態(tài)度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查學生對細節(jié)的辨認能力以及推理判斷能力。這類文章同學們常有文章易懂，題目不易做的感覺。要注意培養(yǎng)自己快速閱讀的習慣。切不可在個別難懂的詞句上停留太久，耽誤時間。 3、對整篇短文內容有了一定的了解后，要馬上看短文后的問題，帶著問題去選擇或判斷答案。要確定所需查找的信息范圍，并注意所查找信息的特點。例如：如果問題或選項涉及到人名、地名，就應該找首字母大寫的單詞;如果問題或選項涉及時間、日期、數(shù)字，就應該尋找具體的數(shù)據(jù)。
D
Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.But now that information is being spread and monitored(監(jiān)控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.
“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”
Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消極的), but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.
Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激發(fā)) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.”
12 .What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?
A. News reports. B. Research papers.
C.Private e-mails. D. Daily conversations.
13.What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?
A. They’re socially inactive.
B. They’re good at telling stories.
C. They’re inconsiderate of others.
D. They’re careful with their words.
14.Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr. Berger’s research?
A . Sports new. B. Science articles.
C. Personal accounts. D. Financial reviews.
15 .What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide
B .Online News Attracts More People
C. Reading Habits Change with the Times
D. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks
【答案】
12.A
13.C
14.B
15.D
13.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)“you care a lot more how they react”可知，你非常在乎朋友聽完你講的故事后的反應，根據(jù)“You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”可知，你不想被當作一個“Debbie Downer”，說明指的是“一個不為他人考慮的人”，故選C。
14.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles”可知，科技類的文章比非科技類的更有可能被人們討論，故選B。
15.D選擇最佳標題。根據(jù)第一段“By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.”可知，好消息在網(wǎng)絡上傳播得更快，影響更深遠;說明文章主要講的是好消息通過網(wǎng)絡的傳播，故選D。
考點：風俗文化類短文閱讀
【名師點睛】
主旨大意題主要考查學生把握全文主題和理解中心思想的能力。根據(jù)多年的備考及高考實踐，這類題目考察的范圍是：基本論點、文章標題、主題或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基礎上能較好地運用概括、判斷、歸納、推理等邏輯思維方法，對文章進行高度概括或總結，屬于高層次題。 選擇“主題”旨在考查考生是否掌握了所讀文章的主要內容或主旨，通常用詞、短語或句子來概括。常見的提問方式有： 1. What is the main / general idea of this text? 2. What is mainly discussed in this passage? 3. What is the text mainly about? 4. This text mainly tells us ________. 5. This passage mainly deals with _________. 6. The main idea of this passage may be best expressed as_________. 選擇“標題”則是讓考生給所讀的文章選擇一個合適的標題。通常標題由一個名詞或名詞短語充當，用詞簡短、精練。常見的提問方式有： 1. What would be the best title for the text? 2. Which of the following is the best / most suitable title for this text? 3. The best / most suitable title for this text would be ________. 4. The topic of this passage is _________. 不管是選擇“主題”還是選擇“標題”，實質上都是要求考生從整體上理解語篇內容，找出貫穿語篇的主線;不管是何種體裁的文章，總是圍繞一個主題來展開的。在試題設計上，3個干擾項內容一般在文章里或多或少都有涉及，但并非主要內容，需要注意甄別。
第二節(jié) (共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 16 But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult. 17 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
18 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 19 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one.
There are many common methods used to cook fish. 20 First, lean it and season it with your choice of spices(調料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve.
A. Do not buy it. B. The easiest is to steam it. C. This is how you can do it. D. It just requires a little knowledge. E. The fish will go bad within hours. F. When buying fish, you should first smell it. G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
【答案】
16.G
17.D
18.F
19.A
20.B
17.D考查上下文串聯(lián)。題目前一句“Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult.”可知，購買，存放和燒魚并非難事，再根據(jù)后面一句可知，文章主要介紹了買魚和燒魚的簡單知識，D項“這僅僅需要一點知識”符合語境，此題容易與C項混淆，C項后面應該直接跟燒魚的方法，即C項與后一句重復，故選D。
18.F考查上下文串聯(lián)。根據(jù)“Fresh fish should smell sweet”可知，本段講的是買魚的時候要聞一下魚的氣味，故選F。
19.A考查上下文串聯(lián)。根據(jù)前一句“Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh.”可知，帶有強烈的味道的魚都不是新鮮的，不應該買這樣的魚，A項與后句聯(lián)系緊密，故選A。
20.B考查上下文串聯(lián)。根據(jù)“Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot”可知，本段介紹的是蒸魚的方法，故選B。
考點：生活類短文閱讀
【名師點睛】
高考七選五解題方法
1.通讀全文，了解文章大意。這是一個泛讀的過程，目的是了解文章大意，為以后的理解做鋪墊。
2.分析句型，了解語法構成
3.當我們了解了文章大意后，要明確每一個空是填一個整句子還是半個句子。這一點十分重要，它能夠幫助我們迅速確定某些空的選項范圍，比如，有一個空的結尾處沒有標點符號，后文緊跟著一個句子的后半部分，很顯然這時我們需要填的是半個句子，這時便可以在七個選項中找到是半個句子的選項，從而縮小選擇范圍。
4.明確關聯(lián)關系。任何句子都是要么和上文有聯(lián)系，要么和下文有聯(lián)系，要么和上下文都有聯(lián)系。例如第16空，第19空和第20空都與它們的前一句有聯(lián)系。
5.帶入通讀，復查
做完題目切忌直接離開，這是我們很有必要將自己修正好的文章通讀一遍，將其看做一片行文通順語意連貫的文章來讀，這是如果感到有含義不連貫的地方，很有可能是我們填錯了空，就要復查了，注意：七選五的特點在于，錯一道，往往還會錯另外的一道或幾道，我們叫做"連錯"，所以當你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有一處填的有問題時，一定要同時檢查其它空。
第二部分：英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題15分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
When I was13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.That meant 21 Miller King,who was the best 22 at our school.
Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out.I carried my football everywhere for 23.
Just before September,Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.I went to see him after he came back from 24 .He looked very 25 ,but he didn’t cry.
That season,I 26 all of Miller`srecords while he 27 the home games from the bench.We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 28 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 29 .
One afternoon,I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 30 going over a fence—which wasn’t 31 to climb if you had both arms.I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept 32 from.But even that challenge he accepted.I 33 him move slowly over the fence.When we were finally 34 on the other side,he said to me,"You know,I didn’t tell you this during the season,but you did 35 .Thank you for filling in for 36 ."
His words freed me from my bad 37.I thought to myself,how even without an arm he was more of a leader.Damaged but not defeated,he was 38 ahead of me. I was right to have 39 him.From that day on，I grew 40 and a little more real.
21.A. heering for B.beating out C. relying on D.staying with
22.A.coach B.student C. teacher D.player
23.A.practice B. show C. comfort D.pleasure
24.A.school B. vacation C. hospital D.training
25.A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D.ashamed
26.A. held B. broke C. set D.tried
27.A.reported B.judged C. organized D.watched
28.A.and B. then C. but D.thus
29.A. decision B. mistake C.accident D.sacrifice
30.A.stuck B. hurt C. tried D.lost
31.A. steady B. hard C. fun D.fit
32.A.praise B. advice C. assistance D.apology
33.A.let B. helped C. had D.noticed
34.A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D.safe
35.A.fine B.wrong C. quickly D.normally
36.A. us B. yourself C. me D.them
37.A.memories B. ideas C. attitudes D.dreams
38.A.still B. also C. yet D.just
39.A. challenged B.cured C. invited D.admired
40.A.healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D.cooler
【答案】
21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D
35. A 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. B
22.D考查名詞辨析。A.coach教練;B. student學生;C. teacher教師;D. player選手，球員。who was the best 22 at our school.全校最好的球員是Miller King，故選D。
23.A考查名詞辨析。A.practice練習;B. show演出，表現(xiàn)，節(jié)目;C. comfort安慰;D. pleasure樂趣。作者隨身帶著足球是為了練習，故選A。
24.C考查名詞辨析。A.school學校;B. vacation假期;C. hospital醫(yī)院;D. training訓練。Miller意外受傷，失去了右臂，作者在他出院后去看他，故選C。
25.A考查形容詞辨析。A. pale蒼白的;B. calm平靜的;C. relaxed放松點;D. ashamed羞恥的，慚愧的。根據(jù)“but he didn’t cry”可知，Miller的情況不太樂觀，故選A。
26.B考查動詞辨析。A. held握住;B. broke打破;C. set創(chuàng)立，開創(chuàng);D. tried嘗試。根據(jù)“records記錄”可知，作者破了Miller的紀錄，故選B。
27.D考查動詞辨析。A.reported報告;B. judged 判斷;C. organized組織;D. watched觀看。while he 27 the home games from the bench受傷后的Miller坐在長凳上觀看比賽，故選D。
28.C考查并列連詞。A.and和;B. then然后;C. but但是;D. thus因此。I was named most valuable player和I often had crazy dreams形成對比，作者雖然被封為最有價值球員，但是他總是做噩夢，故選C。
29.C考查名詞辨析。A. decision決定;B. mistake錯誤;C. accident事故;D. sacrifice犧牲。讓作者感到內疚的是，仿佛是自己應該為Miller的事故負責，作者覺得有點勝之不武，故選C。
30.A考查形容詞辨析。A.stuck;B. hurt;C. tired勞累的;D. lost丟失的。saw Miller 30 going over a fence作者看到Miller在翻籬笆，只有一只手臂的Miller翻籬笆很困難，因此應該是被卡在籬笆上了，故選A。
31.B考查形容詞辨析。A. steady穩(wěn)定的;B. hard困難的;C. fun有趣的;D. fit合適的，健康的。if you had both arms.手臂健全的人翻籬笆不費吹灰之力，故選B。
32.C考查名詞辨析。A.praise表揚;B. advice建議;C. assistance幫助;D. apology道歉。作者認為Miller最不愿接受作者的幫助，the last最不可能的，故選C。
33.B考查動詞辨析。A.let讓;B. helped幫助;C. had有，使;D. noticed注意到。根據(jù)“he accepted”可知，Miller接受了作者的幫助，故選B。
34.D考查形容詞辨析。A. dropped;B. ready準備好的;C. trapped被困住的;D. safe安全的。作者和Miller兩人成功翻過籬笆，故選D。
35.A考查副詞辨析。A.fine夠好，可接受;B. wrong錯誤地;C. quickly迅速;D. normally正常。Miller認為作者表現(xiàn)得很好，故選A。
36.C考查代詞辨析。A. us我們;B. yourself 你自己; C. me我;D. them他們。Miller感謝作者填補了他的空缺，故選C。
39.D考查動詞辨析。A. challenged挑戰(zhàn);B. cured治愈;C. invited邀請;D. admired敬佩，贊賞，欣賞。I was right to have 39 him.作者認為自己敬佩Miller沒有做錯，故選D。
40.B考查形容詞比較級。A.healthier更健康的;B. bigger更大的，更重要的，更成功的;C. cleverer更聰明的;D. cooler更酷的，更涼的。從那天起，作者長大了許多，更重視自己的存在了，故選B。
考點：生活故事類短文閱讀
【名師點睛】
完形填空具體解題技巧： 【技巧一】利用邏輯關系語，定位相關選項 邏輯關系語指表示各種邏輯意義的連句手段，主要有： (1)詞(包括連詞、副詞和少數(shù)介詞)，如and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等; (2)短語，如in other words, or rather, in addition, as a result, so that, on the contrary, instead of等; (3)分句和獨立結構，如that is to say, what is more, all things considered等。邏輯關系語對準確理解語篇意義能夠起到很強的提示作用。完形填空中很多題目都圍繞它們而設�？忌诮忸}時要充分利用這些邏輯關系語，找到與文中某些詞、短語有密切關系的選項，如其同義詞、近義詞或反義詞等，有時這些詞、短語甚至復現(xiàn)在文中。 【技巧二】通曉上下文意，注意習慣搭配 詞匯的習慣用法或固定搭配，特別是動詞、名詞、形容詞、介詞等的搭配在完形填空題中出現(xiàn)的比例很大。如果考生在備考時對常用的習慣用法或固定搭配能牢固地掌握，并在解題時靈活運用，就能達到事半功倍的效果。 【技巧三】明確文章語境，搞清詞語差異 高考完形填空選項的設置一般均屬于同一詞類，有的甚至在意義上也非常接近。為了順利解答此類問題，考生在平時記憶單詞時，要在例句中把握其用法并能在考試中結合語境，比較四個選項的細微差別，推敲什么是最佳答案。 【技巧四】探究前后邏輯，確定連接詞匯 連接詞是構成語篇的紐帶，也是相關語句信息的結合點。命題人常在這些“關節(jié)”上設置題目，考查學生的語用能力。因此，考生在解題時，要仔細分析，推理前后的邏輯關系，確定最佳選項。
第II卷
注意：將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。
第二部分：英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第二節(jié)(共10小題每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热?個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。
In much of Asia,especially the so-called"rice bowl" cultures of China,Japan,Korea, Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually two long,thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic,animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might 42 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43 (create)special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 (use)twigs(樹枝)to remove it.Over time, thepopulation grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual)turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the 48 (develop)of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49 (be)too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India,for example,most people traditionally eat 50 their hands.
【答案】
41.and
42.be made
43.to create
44.using
45.as/when
46.gradually
47.who
48.development
49.were
50.with
43.to create考查不定式作目的狀語。技術嫻熟的工人會把各種各樣的硬質木材和金屬結合起來，以創(chuàng)造出特殊風格的筷子。這里用不定式表目的，故填to create。
44.using考查現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。人們可能使用大鍋煮食物，用樹枝把鍋移開，use的邏輯主語是people，兩者是主動關系，用現(xiàn)在分詞表示伴隨狀況，故填using。
45.as/when考查時間狀語從句。句意：隨著人口的增長，人們開始把食物切成小塊，這樣可以煮得快一點，這里是時間狀語從句，when意為“當……時候”，后跟長動作或短動作，故填as/when。
46.gradually考查副詞。副詞修飾動詞或形容詞，這里修飾動詞短語turned into，應該用副詞，故填gradually。
47.who考查非限制性定語從句。劇中有逗號，說明是非限制性定語從句，先行詞是Confucius孔子，定語從句缺少主語，且指人，故填who。
48.development考查詞性轉換。the+名詞+of，意為“……的……”，這里指“筷子的發(fā)展”，故填development。
49.were考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指的是刀子因太暴力而不適合在餐桌上使用，believed后跟一個賓語從句，and連接了兩個并列的謂語，主語knives是復數(shù)，根據(jù)時態(tài)一致的原則，這里用一般過去時，故填were。
50.with考查介詞。句意：在印度，大部分人還是用傳統(tǒng)的吃飯方法--用手拿，with+表示具體工具的名詞，故填with。
考點：名詞;介詞;副詞;并列連詞;非謂語動詞;定語從句;狀語從句
【名師點睛】
語法填空的解題技巧
語法填空是通過語篇在語境中考查語法知識的運用能力。我們在解題前應快速瀏覽短文掌握大意，有把握的空格可以進行填寫。在讀懂的基礎上，再結合短文提供的特定的語言環(huán)境去逐句分析逐題解答。按題型設計分三種情況：
1. 純空格試題的解題技巧
首先分析句子結構，根據(jù)所缺成分確定哪類詞。然后根據(jù)句子意思，確定具體填什么詞，或根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關系確定具體用哪個連詞。比如第41空，45空，47空和50空，41空考查并列連詞，45空考查時間狀語從句，47空考查非限制性定語從句，50空考查介詞。
2. 給出了動詞的試題解題技巧
首先，判斷要填的動詞是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞。若句子沒有別的謂語動詞或者雖然已有謂語動詞，但需填的動詞與之是并列關系，所給動詞就是謂語動詞，若是謂語動詞就要考慮時態(tài)和語態(tài);若句子有謂語動詞則用非謂語動詞(動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、動名詞和過去分詞)。比如42空，43空和49空，給的是動詞，根據(jù)句意可知42空是動詞詞組，43空是不定式表目的，49空是并列的謂語。
3. 詞匯轉換題解題技巧
這類題主要考查名詞、形容詞和副詞。根據(jù)所給詞在句中所做句子成分確定用哪種形式。比如46空和48空，分別考查動詞轉換為名詞和形容詞轉換為副詞。
第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)
第一節(jié)短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . They were also the best and worse years in my life . At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time , I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
【答案】
51.year—years
52.worse—worst
53.the去掉
54.yourself—myself
55.such—so
56.tell—told
57.freely—free
58.wear—wearing
59.to—for
60.I ∧need
53.the去掉考查冠詞。at first起初，是固定詞組，不需要冠詞，故把the去掉。
54.yourself—myself考查反身代詞。句意：我認為我什么都知道，可以自己拿主意了。這里指作者自己做決定，根據(jù)主語I可知，應該用myself，故把yourself改為mmyself。
55.such—so考查so/such的用法。 my parents didn’t seem to think so我的父母似乎不這樣認為，so指代上一句的內容，故把such改為so。
56.tell—told考查時態(tài)。通篇回憶過去的事情，使用的一般過去時，故把tell改為told。
57.freely—free考查形容詞副詞。be后跟形容詞構成系表結構，be free from...擺脫......，不受......的影響，故把freely改為free。
考點：名詞;形容詞;代詞;介詞;最高級;固定搭配;時態(tài)
【名師點睛】
改錯中動詞、連詞以及上下文語境也是出題者經(jīng)常會考慮的出題知識點，其解題方法如下： 1.動詞錯誤的發(fā)現(xiàn)與解決 英語中有許多的短語動詞，是很難從字面上判斷其意義的。其中與介詞構成短語的動詞是最常見的。我們在分析題目的時候，發(fā)現(xiàn)有動賓搭配的時候，應該考慮該動詞是否是一個短語動詞，并進而分析構成該短語動詞的介詞有無遺漏。對于短語動詞的熟悉是一個長期積累的過程，需要隨時總結與記憶。以下是考試中常見到的短語動詞： account for; add up to; back up; break down; break away from; bleak out; break up; break in; break off; bring about; bring up; bring out; bring down; build up; call off; call for; call on; carry out; check in; clear up; come off; come around; count on; cut down; cut off; do away with; dwell on; fall back on; fall out; get over; get out of; get at; give out; give up; give off; hang on; hold back; keep back from; keep up with; lay off; lay down; live up to; look into; look forward to; look over; make up; make out; pass away; put up with; role out; run out of; set about; take over; take up; take in; take off; turn up; turn out; work out 等。 還有一種�？嫉膭釉~的用法就是語態(tài)。在所分析的文字中包含謂語動詞，那么應該分析是否是這方面的問題。其中應該重點分析主語與謂語動詞的關系是主動還是被動。 2.連接詞錯誤的發(fā)現(xiàn)與解決 例： However, a second person thought that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good manners. 本題所考查的就是比較連接詞的用法。從前文的more我們就可以看出，下文的as是不恰當?shù)�，正確的答案應是比較連接詞than。一般來說，比較連接詞所考查的重點集中在as與than的用法上。句意中是否還有比較意義是很容易辨別的，我們一旦覺察到句子有比較的意思，就應考慮是否是as與than的用法混淆。 此外定語從句的連接詞也是要特別注意的。我們看 2000年6月的第74題：Instead，this other person told us a story，it he said was quite well known.在這里，句子的后半段很明顯是一個非限制性的定語從句，所以應將it改為which.非限制性的定語從句的連接詞在近幾年的考試中反復出現(xiàn)，應該引起我們的重視。解決此類問題的方法是，凡是發(fā)現(xiàn)有復合句的分析對象，首先就要考慮從句的連接詞。首先看是否有連接詞，其次看連接詞是否正確，尤其是which與 that的不同應用。 3.語言環(huán)境類錯誤的發(fā)現(xiàn)與解決 從歷年的考題來看，語言環(huán)境類的錯誤是最有章可循的。這類錯誤一般是一行中的關鍵詞與上下文所體現(xiàn)出來的意思完全相反。此類題的解決也較簡單，那就是將不符合文意的詞改為它的反義詞即可。如第54題就是屬于語境錯誤。句意：我認為我什么都知道，可以自己拿主意了。這里指作者自己做決定，根據(jù)主語I可知，應該用myself，故把yourself改為myself。
第二節(jié)書面表達(滿分25分)
假定你是李華，與留學生朋友Bob約好一起去書店，因故不能赴約。請給他寫封郵件，內容包括：
1.表示歉意;
2.說明原因;
3.另約時間。
注意：
1.詞數(shù)100左右;
2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
【答案】
Dear Bob,
I’m sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.
Shall we go on Saturday morning? We can set out early so that we’ll have more time to read and select books. If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next week.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
考點：書信類作文
【名師點睛】
題目是常規(guī)的書信作文，要求寫一封道歉信，是應用文的一種。寫作的內容已經(jīng)給出，表達歉意的同時，還要與對方另約時間。因此，不僅僅是一封道歉信。寫作時注意涵蓋所有要點，還要兼顧上下文的連貫性。
試卷點評
一、知識與能力考查分布
二、試題特點
1、貫徹立德樹人根本任務，重視“關鍵能力”
從整套試卷的取材來看，突出了對人文關懷、節(jié)能意識、健康理念、審美情趣的考查，體現(xiàn)了高考的育人功能和積極導向作用。
如，閱讀理解A篇考查實際語言應用場景——火車站相關信息閱讀，貼近生活，倡導活學活用;閱讀理解B篇介紹重復閱讀的好處，對于學生的學習和成長具有指導意義。
七選五閱讀語篇選材以“自我接納”為主題，引導考生積極進行自我對話，關注青少年心理健康，體現(xiàn)了以人為本的價值理念。
完形填空的主題為人與自我，文風偏散文，作者通過講述親子關系，對自己的行為進行了反思并有所感悟。在批判自我中獲得對于事物的認知與成長，對于啟發(fā)與培養(yǎng)學生良好思維品質有積極的引導作用。
短文改錯講述了“我”在媽媽的指導下學做飯的經(jīng)歷，兼具趣味性和知識性，貼合學生實際生活經(jīng)驗，提倡了勞動精神。
2、關注社科進步發(fā)展，培養(yǎng)探索創(chuàng)新意識
試卷緊扣“人與自我、人與自然、人與社會”三大主題語境，語篇涉及了火車失物招領、閱讀之美、體育運動、前沿科技等多個方面，貼近生活實際情景，在語篇基礎上深入考查綜合語言運用能力。
閱讀理解D篇介紹了“植物能源”這一前沿科技，提醒學生關注與生活工作相關的科技動態(tài)，引導學生了解科學領域的最新成果，培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新意識;在語法填空部分，介紹了中國探索太空的最新研究進展，不僅幫助學生拓寬視野，也能激發(fā)學生的愛國精神，增強中國自信。
這些文章和題目不僅能讓學生體會到科學的無限趣味和實際功用，還會促使學生深入思考科技創(chuàng)新在人類生活和發(fā)展過程中起到的重要作用，有利于引導學生養(yǎng)成科學精神和人文情懷。
3、突出“學科素養(yǎng)”，引導英語教學
學科核心素養(yǎng)是英語語言學習者應具有的綜合品質。試卷對閱讀理解、語言表達和批判性思維著重進行了考查。
閱讀理解C篇圍繞競走運動展開，題材貼近生活，在考題中引導考生對競走運動進行思考，突出了對考生批判性思維和辯證能力的考查。引導學生關注身體健康，加強鍛煉。語言方面，術語較少，生詞量不大，但存在部分長難句，對學生分析句子、提取重要信息的能力，提出了較高要求。
英語考試技巧
一、多分析事物，注意積累表現(xiàn)事物動態(tài)的詞語。
世界上的一切事物，不時刻刻都在運動和變革。我們怎樣才能把它們的動態(tài)寫出來呢?一是在觀察周圍事物的時候，要特別留心事物處于動態(tài)時的特征;二是要掌握必然數(shù)量的能準確描繪事物動態(tài)的動詞。同學們學過的《小英雄雨來》一課中有一句寫雨來游水的話：“雨來像小鴨子一樣抖著頭上的水，用手抹一下眼睛和鼻子，嘴里吹著氣，望著媽媽笑�！边@句話，抓住雨來游水時動作的特點，用“抖”、“抹”、“吹”、“望”、“笑”等五個準確的動詞，寫出了雨來出水時的五個連續(xù)動作，把雨來天真、活潑、頑皮的性格描繪得栩栩如生�？梢姡覀円咽挛锏膭討B(tài)寫得形象傳神，除了觀察、分析事物的動態(tài)特征外，還必需積累必然數(shù)量的描寫動態(tài)的詞語。
二、多聽聽音響，注意積累摹擬聲音的詞語。
怎樣把文章寫得有聲有色呢?除了抓住事物的形象特征進行具體的描繪外，還要注意傾聽它們發(fā)出來的各種各樣的聲音，把聲音用文字描寫出來，讓人有“如聞其聲”的感覺。因此，我們平時除要“眼觀四面”外，還要注意“耳聽八方”，傾聽周圍各種各樣的聲音。聽它們的音色、音量有什么區(qū)別，聽它們抑揚頓挫的變革規(guī)律，聽這些聲音表達了什么樣的思想感情。然后，把聽到的聲音記下來，用象聲的詞語(也就是象聲詞)描繪出來。這樣，文章就會真的有聲有色了。
三、多讀多記憶，注意積累寓意深刻的成語。
成語是漢語詞匯海洋里的珍珠。它寓意深刻、內容豐富，讀起來朗朗上口，用起來言簡意明。如果我們能掌握大量的成語，對我們說話、作文都是很有好處的。
成語之多，浩如煙海，僅一本《漢語成語大詞典》就收有17000個。在我們小學語文教材里也用了不少的成語。如十二冊老舍寫的《風》這篇課文中就用了如下八個成語：七零八散、四面八方、暗無天日、日月無光、驚濤駭浪、鬼哭神號、橫行無忌、雞毛蒜皮。
成語這么多，怎樣記憶和積累呢?
成語一般是由四個字組成，并且在語法結構和選詞組合上多數(shù)有必然的規(guī)律，且擺列有趣�，F(xiàn)在我們按照成語結構選詞組合的特點進行分類收集。這樣便于查找，也便于記憶。
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