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托福寫作句式變化深度解析
導語：今天小編整理了一篇很給力的解析給大家，關于托福寫作句式變化的深度解析，小編相信同學們看完之后一定會對托福考試有新的認識。
作為一種語言測試方式，托福考試的重點是檢測考生的英語語言水平，如何寫出正確流暢的語言是得到托福寫作單項高分的必備條件。在TOEFL iBT Official Guide(托福官方指南，以下簡稱OG)中，對于語言部分的要求是這樣描述的：
“Language use is the third criterion on which your essay will be judged. To get a top score, an essay must display "consistent facility in the use of language."There should be a variety of sentence structures, and word choice should be appropriate. If your essay includes a few minor lexical or grammar errors, you can still get a high score. However, if you make a lot of grammar errors and if those errors make it hard to understand your meaning, you will get a lower score. Raters will also judge your essay based on the complexity of sentence structures and on the quality and complexity of your vocabulary. If you use very simple sentences and very basic vocabulary, you will probably not be able to express very complex ideas. If your language is hard to follow, yoursentences are overly simple, and your vocabulary is limited, you may score no higher than a 3 no matter how impressive your ideas may be.”
可以看出來，托福獨立寫作部分對于我們寫作的總體要求是consistent facility in the use of language(語言運用的和諧流暢)，給我們的具體建議是a variety of sentence structures(句子結構多樣)和word choice should be appropriate(措辭貼切得體)，在之前的文章中，我們討論過如何使用詞匯(點擊：深夜“識”堂·寫作詞匯的使用)在這篇文章中我們將談一談如何做到句子結構的多樣化。
首先我們需要知道什么樣的句子是沒有變化的，大家可以閱讀下面學生寫的一段文字：
My brother, Tom, is a good example. Tom lived in the country with my grandparents for twelve years. He went to the city when he grew up. He studied in a middle school there. When Tom was living in the countryside, he seldom fell ill. He enjoyed himself in the nature every day. When he went to the city, he gradually felt his throat sore and often coughed.
這一小段話中，大多數句子都是簡單句，而且句子的主語都是Tom或he，讀起來非常單調，這時候就需要改變句子結構，使得表達方式多樣化。常見的句子變化手法有如下幾種：
1 長短句結合
2 松散句和圓周句
3 分詞結構
4 狀語前置
5 倒裝句
6 強調句式
7 插入語
8 修飾性問句
當然，達到句子多樣性方法還有很多，上面提到的幾種方法也不是單獨使用的，往往是結合在一起使用的。同時，各位同學也不要誤以為句子結構多樣指的就是寫長難句，殊不知濫用從句往往會使得語言變得冗余。比如說，我們想表達Mary是一個漂亮的女孩子，寫成：Mary is a beautiful girl就可以了，如果偏要寫成：Mary is a girl who is beautiful. 看上去句子變長了，還用上了定語從句，實際上整個句子顯得累贅。
當然，英語語言的使用更多地來自于同學們日常的積累。背誦單詞并多讀范文對于托福寫作語言的準確使用有著很大的意義。
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