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外文參考文獻格式要求
參考文獻的引用是一次嚴謹的科研探索，所以在論文引用過程中需要注意其格式問題，下面是小編搜集整理的外文參考文獻格式要求，供大家閱讀借鑒！
| 【1】外文參考文獻格式要求 | 【4】外文參考文獻書寫技巧 |
| 【2】外文參考文獻類型 | 【5】本科畢業論文外文參考文獻 |
| 【3】外文參考文獻的使用 | 【6】碩士畢業論文外文參考文獻 |
外文參考文獻格式要求
期刊作者.題名[J].刊名，出版年，卷(期)：起止頁碼
Journal author. Title [J]. Journal title, year of publication, volume (issue): start and end page numbers
專著作者.書名[M].版本(第一版不著錄).出版地：出版者，出版年.起止頁碼
Monograph author. Title [M]. Version (first edition not included). Place of publication: Publisher, year of publication. Start and end page numbers
論文集作者.題名[C].編者.論文集名.出版地：出版者，出版年.
Author of the collection of papers. Title [C]. Editor. Collection name. Place of publication: Publisher, year of publication
起止頁碼
Starting and ending page numbers
學位論文作者.題名[D].保存地點：保存單位，年份
Thesis author. Title [D]. Storage location: Storage unit, year
專利文獻題名[P].國別，專利文獻種類，專利號.出版日期
Title of Patent Literature [P]. Country, Type of Patent Literature, Patent Number, Publication Date
標準標準編號，標準名稱[S]
Standard standard number, standard name [S]
報紙作者.題名[N].報紙名，出版日期(版次)
Newspaper author. Title [N]. Newspaper name, publication date (edition)
報告作者.題名[R].保存地點：年份
Report author. Title [R]. Storage location: Year
電子文獻作者.題名[電子文獻及載體類型標識].文獻出處，日期
Author of electronic literature. Title [Identification of electronic literature and carrier types]. Source and date of the literature
文獻類型及其標識
Literature types and their identification
根據GB3469 規定
According to GB3469 regulations
①期刊[J]
① Journal [J]
②專著[M]
② Monograph [M]
③論文集[C]
③ Collected Papers [C]
④學位論文[D]
④ Thesis [D]
⑤專利[P]
⑤ Patent [P]
⑥標準[S]
⑥ Standard [S]
⑦報紙[N]
⑦ Newspaper [N]
⑧技術報告[R]
⑧ Technical report [R]
電子文獻載體類型用雙字母標識，例如：
The type of electronic literature carrier is identified by two letters, for example:
外文參考文獻的格式外文參考文獻的格式①磁帶[MT]
Format of Foreign References ① Magnetic Tape [MT]
②磁盤[DK]
② Disk [DK]
③光盤[CD]
③ CD
④聯機網絡[OL]
④ Online network [OL]
①聯機網上數據庫[DB/OL]
① Online Database [DB/OL]
②磁帶數據庫[DB/MT]
② Magnetic tape database [DB/MT]
③光盤圖書[M/CD]
③ CD book [M/CD]
④磁盤軟件[CP/DK]
④ Disk software [CP/DK]
⑤網上期刊[J/OL]
⑤ Online Journal [J/OL]
⑥網上電子公告[EB/OL]
⑥ Online Electronic Announcement [EB/OL]
期刊論文
Journal articles
[1]周慶榮，張澤廷，朱美文，等.固體溶質在含夾帶劑超臨界流體中的溶解度[J].化工學報，1995，46(3)：317 323
[1] Zhou Qingrong, Zhang Zeting, Zhu Meiwen, et al. Solubility of solid solutes in supercritical fluids containing entrainers [J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering, 1995, 46 (3): 317 323
[2]Dobbs J M, Wong J M. Modification of supercritical fluid phasebehavior using polor coselvent[J]. Ind Eng Chem Res, 1987,26:56
[2] Dobbs J M, Wong J M. Modification of supercritical fluid phase behavior using polar coselvent [J] Ind Eng Chem Res, 1987, 26:56
[3]劉仲能，金文清.合成醫藥中間體4-甲基咪唑的研究[J].精細化工，(2)：103-105
[3] Liu Zhongneng, Jin Wenqing. Research on the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediate 4-methylimidazole [J]. Fine Chemicals, (2): 103-105
[ 4 ] Mesquita A C, Mori M N, Vieira J M, et al . Vinyl acetatepolymerization by ionizing radiation[J].Radiation Physics and Chemistry,2002, 63:465
[4] Mesquita A C, Mori M N, Vieira J M, et al Vinyl acetate polymerization by ionizing radiation [J] Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002, 63:465
專著
Monograph
[1]蔣挺大.亮聚糖[M].北京：化學工業出版社，2001.127
[1] Jiang Tingda. Leucosan [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2001.127
[2]Kortun G. Reflectance Spectroscopy[M]. New York: Spring-Verlag,1969
[2] Kortun G. Reflection Spectroscopy [M] New York: Spring Verlag, 1969
論文集
Collected Papers
[1]郭宏，王熊，劉宗林.膜分離技術在大豆分離蛋白生產中綜合利用的
[1] Guo Hong, Wang Xiong, Liu Zonglin. Comprehensive utilization of membrane separation technology in the production of soy protein isolate
研究[C].余立新.第三屆全國膜和膜過程學術報告會議論文集.北京：高教出版社，1999.421-425
Research [C]. Yu Lixin. Proceedings of the 3rd National Academic Conference on Membrane and Membrane Processes. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1999.421-425
[2]Eiben A E, vander Hauw J K.Solving 3-SAT with adaptive geneticalgorithms [C].Proc 4th IEEE ConfEvolutionary Computation.Piscataway:
[2] Eiben A E, vander Hauw J K. Solving 3-SAT with adaptive genetic algorithms [C] Proc 4th IEEE ConfEvolutionary Computing Piscataway:
IEEE Press, 1997.81-86
IEEE Press, 1997.81-86
學位論文
Thesis
[1]陳金梅.氟石膏生產早強快硬水泥的試驗研究(D).西安：西安建筑科學大學，2000
[1] Chen Jinmei. Experimental study on the production of early strength and fast hardening cement using fluorogypsum (D). Xian: Xian University of Architecture, 2000
[2] Chrisstoffels L A J . Carrier-facilitated transport as amechanistic tool in supramolecular chemistry[D].The Netherland：TwenteUniversity.1988
[2] Christoffels L A J Carrier facilitated transport as amechanistic tool in supramolecular chemistry [D] The Netherlands: TwenteUniversity.1988
專利文獻
Patent literature
[1]Hasegawa, Toshiyuki, Yoshida,et al.Paper Coating composition[P].EP 0634524.1995-01-18
[1] Hasegawa, Toshiyuki, Yoshida, et al. Paper Coating Composition [P] EP 0634524.1995-01-18
[2] 仲前昌夫， 佐藤壽昭. 感光性樹脂[ P ]. 日本， 特開平
[2] Masao Nakamoto and Shouzhao Sato Photosensitive resin [P] Japan, Tekaiping
[3]Yamaguchi K, Hayashi A. Plant growth promotor and productionthereof [P].Jpn, Jp1290606.1999-11-22
[3] Yamaguchi K, Hayashi A. Plant growth motor and productionthereof [P] Jpn, Jp1290606.1999-11-22
[4]廈門大學.二烷氨基乙醇羧酸酯的'制備方法[P].中國發明專利，CN1073429.1993-06-23
[4] Xiamen University. Preparation method of diethylaminoethanol carboxylate [P]. Chinese invention patent, CN1073429.1993-06-23
技術標準文獻
Technical standard literature
[1]ISO 1210-1982，塑料 小試樣接觸火焰法測定塑料燃燒性[S]
[1] ISO 1210-1982, Determination of the flammability of plastics by contact flame method on small plastic specimens [S]
[2]GB 2410-80，透明塑料透光率及霧度實驗方法[S]
[2] GB 2410-80, Test methods for transparency and haze of transparent plastics [S]
報紙
Newspapers
[1]陳志平.減災設計研究新動態[N].科技日報，1997-12-12(5)
[1] Chen Zhiping. New Trends in Disaster Reduction Design Research [N]. Science and Technology Daily, 1997-12-12 (5)
報告
Report
[1]中國機械工程學會.密相氣力輸送技術[R].北京：1996
[1] Chinese Society of Mechanical Engineering. Dense phase pneumatic conveying technology [R]. Beijing: 1996
電子文獻
Electronic literature
[1]萬錦柔.中國大學學報論文文摘(1983-1993)[DB/CD].北京：中國百科全書出版社，1996
[1] Wan Jinrou. Abstracts of Chinese University Journal (1983-1993) [DB/CD]. Beijing: China Encyclopedia Press, 1996
A.連續出版物
A. Continuous publications
〔序號〕 主要責任者.文獻題名〔J〕.刊名，出版年份，卷號(期號)：起止頁碼.
[Serial Number] Main Responsible Person. Literature Title [J]. Publication Name, Year of Publication, Volume Number (Issue Number): Start and End Page Numbers
〔1〕 袁慶龍，候文義.Ni-P合金鍍層組織形貌及顯微硬度研究〔J〕.太原理工大學學報，2001，32(1)：51-53.
〔1〕 Yuan Qinglong, Hou Wenyi Study on the microstructure and microhardness of Ni-P alloy coatings [J]. Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology, 2001, 32 (1): 51-53
B.專著
B. Monograph
〔序號〕 主要責任者.文獻題名〔M〕.出版地：出版者，出版年：頁碼.
[Serial Number] Main Responsible Person. Literature Title [M]. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication: Page Number
〔3〕 劉國鈞，鄭如斯.中國書的故事〔M〕.北京：中國青年出版社，1979：115.
〔3〕 Liu Guojun, Zheng Rusi. The Story of Chinese Books [M]. Beijing: China Youth Publishing House, 1979:115
C.會議論文集
C. Conference proceedings
〔序號〕 析出責任者.析出題名.見(英文用In)：主編.論文集名.(供選擇項：會議名，會址，開會年)出版地：出版者，出版年：起止頁碼.
[Number] Responsible person for precipitation. Title of precipitation. See (in English): Editor in chief. Title of the collection of papers (Options: Conference Name, Conference Address, Conference Year) Publication Location: Publisher, Publication Year: Start and End Page Numbers
〔6〕孫品一.高校學報編輯工作現代化特征〔A〕.見：中國高等學校自然科學學報研究會.科技編輯學論文集(2).北京：北京師范大學出版社，1998：10-22.
〔6〕 Sun Pinyi. Modern Characteristics of Editorial Work in Higher Education Journals [A]. See: China Association of Natural Science Journals in Higher Education Institutions. Collected Papers on Science and Technology Editing (2). Beijing: Beijing Normal University Press, 1998:10-22
D.專著中析出的文獻
D. Literature extracted from monographs
〔序號〕 析出責任者.析出題名.見(英文用In)：專著責任者.書名.出版地：出版者，出版年：起止頁碼.
[Number] Author responsible for the publication. Title of the publication. In: Author responsible for the monograph. Title of the book. Place of publication: publisher. Year of publication: start and end page numbers
〔12〕羅云.安全科學理論體系的發展及趨勢探討.見：白春華，何學秋，吳宗之.21世紀安全科學與技術的發展趨勢.北京：科學出版社，2000：1-5.
〔12〕 Luo Yun. Exploration of the Development and Trends of the Theoretical System of Security Science. See: Bai Chunhua, He Xueqiu, Wu Zongzhi. The Development Trends of Security Science and Technology in the 21st Century. Beijing: Science Press, 2000:1-5
E.學位論文
E. Thesis
外文參考文獻的格式論文〔序號〕 主要責任者.文獻題名〔D〕.保存地：保存單位，年份：
Format of Foreign Language Reference Paper [Serial Number] Main Responsible Person. Title of Reference [D]. Storage Location: Storage Unit, Year:
〔7〕張和生.地質力學系統理論〔D〕.太原：太原理工大學，1998：
〔7〕 Zhang Hesheng. Theory of Geomechanical Systems [D]. Taiyuan: Taiyuan University of Technology, 1998:
F.報告
F. Report
〔序號〕 主要責任者.文獻題名〔R〕.報告地：報告會主辦單位，年份：
[Serial Number] Main Responsible Person. Literature Title [R]. Reporting Place: Organizing Unit of the Reporting Conference, Year:
〔9〕馮西橋.核反應堆壓力容器的LBB分析〔R〕.北京：清華大學核能技術設計研究院，1997：
〔9〕 Feng Xiqiao. LBB analysis of pressure vessels in nuclear reactors [R]. Beijing: Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology Design and Research, Tsinghua University, 1997:
G.專利文獻
G. Patent literature
〔序號〕 專利所有者.專利題名〔P〕.專利國別：專利號，發布日期：
[Serial Number] Patent Owner. Patent Title [P]. Patent Country: Patent Number, Publication Date:
〔11〕姜錫洲.一種溫熱外敷藥制備方案〔P〕.中國專利：881056078，1983-08-12：
〔11〕 Jiang Xizhou. A preparation scheme for warm topical medicine [P]. Chinese patent: 8810560781983-08-12:
H.國際、國家標準
H. International and National Standards
〔序號〕 標準代號.標準名稱〔S〕.出版地：出版者，出版年：
[Serial Number] Standard Code. Standard Name [S]. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication:
〔1〕GB/T 16159 1996.漢語拼音正詞法基本規則〔S〕.北京：中國標準出版社，1996：
〔1〕 GB/T 16159 1996. Basic Rules for Chinese Pinyin Orthography [S]. Beijing: China Standard Publishing House, 1996:
I.報紙文章
I. Newspaper articles
〔序號〕 主要責任者.文獻題名〔N〕.報紙名，出版年，月(日)：版次.
[Number] Main Responsible Person. Literature Title [N]. Newspaper Name, Publication Year, Month (Day): Edition
〔13〕謝希德.創造學習的思路.人民日報，1998，12(25)：10
〔13〕 Xie Xide. Ideas for Creative Learning. Peoples Daily, 1998, 12 (25): 10
J.電子文獻
J. Electronic literature
〔序號〕 主要責任者.電子文獻題名〔文獻類型/載體類型〕.：電子文獻的出版或可獲得地址(電子文獻地址用文字表述)，發表或更新日期/引用日期(任選) ：
[Number] Main Responsible Person. Electronic Document Title [Document Type/Carrier Type] The publication or availability address of electronic literature (electronic literature address expressed in text), publication or date/citation date (optional):
〔21〕姚伯元.畢業設計(論文)規范化管理與培養學生綜合素質〔EB/OL〕.：中國高等教育網教學研究，2005-2-2：
[21] Yao Boyuan. Standardized Management and Cultivation of Students Comprehensive Quality in Graduation Design (Thesis) [EB/OL] Teaching Research on China Higher Education Network, February 2, 2005:
普通圖書：M 會議錄：C 匯編：G 報紙：N 期刊：J 學位論文：D 報告：R
Regular books: M Conference proceedings: C Compilation: G Newspaper: N Journal: J Thesis: D Report: R
標準：S 專利：P 數據庫：DB 計算機程序：CP 電子公告：EB
Standard: S Patent: P Database: DB Computer Program: CP Electronic Announcement: EB
外文參考文獻類型
根據GB3469-83《文獻類型與文獻載體代碼》規定,以單字母標識:
According to GB3469-83 "Document Type and Document Carrier Code", it is marked with a single letter:
M——專著(含古籍中的史、志論著)
M - Monographs (including historical and historical works in ancient books)
C——論文集
C - Collected Papers
N——報紙文章
N - Newspaper articles
J——期刊文章
J - Journal articles
D——學位論文
D - Thesis
R——研究報告
R - Research Report
S——標準
S - Standard
P——專利
P - Patent
A——專著、論文集中的析出文獻
A - Selected literature from monographs and paper collections
Z——其他未說明的文獻類型
Z - Other unspecified types of literature
電子文獻類型以雙字母作為標識:
Electronic literature types are identified by two letters:
DB——數據庫
DB - Database
CP——計算機程序
CP - Computer Program
EB——電子公告
EB - Electronic Announcement
非紙張型載體電子文獻,在參考文獻標識中同時標明其載體類型:
Non paper carrier electronic literature, with the reference label indicating its carrier type:
DB/OL——聯機網上的數據庫
DB/OL - Online Database
DB/MT——磁帶數據庫
DB/MT - Magnetic Tape Database
M/CD——光盤圖書
M/CD - CD Book
CP/DK——磁盤軟件
CP/DK - Disk Software
J/OL——網上期刊
J/OL - Online Journal
EB/OL——網上電子公告
EB/OL - Online Electronic Announcement
電子文獻載體類型用雙字母標識,具體如下:
The type of electronic literature carrier is identified by two letters, as follows:
磁帶〔MT〕
Magnetic tape [MT]
磁盤〔DK〕
Disk [DK]
光盤〔CD〕
CD
聯機網絡〔OL〕
Online Network [OL]
外文參考文獻的使用
1 在正文中引用參考文獻
Cite references in the main text
一項科學研究取得的新成果通常是在前人成果的基礎上的新進展，它體現著科學科技的繼承和發展。如，基于已有的理論、方法、思想、實驗手段等，使本研究獲得了新進展，有了新發現；或是將一個學科中的方法移植到另一學科中并取得成功；或是對已有方法做了改進。當在論文中敘述研究目的、設計思想、建立的模型、和已有結果進行比較的時候，就要涉和到已有的成果。如果在涉和到前人成果的地方再把已有成果的具體內容抄到論文當中，不但占去論文的篇幅，沖淡論文的主題，而且抄寫這些已發表過的、讀者可以查找到的內容是毫無意義的。
A new achievement in scientific research is usually a new progress based on previous achievements, reflecting the inheritance and development of science and technology. For example, based on existing theories, methods, ideas, experimental methods, etc., this study has made new progress and discoveries; Or transplanting methods from one discipline to another and achieving success; Or improvements have been made to existing methods. When describing the research objectives, design ideas, established models, and comparing them with existing results in a paper, it is necessary to involve existing achievements. If the specific content of existing achievements is copied into the paper where it involves previous achievements, it not only takes up the space of the paper and dilutes the theme of the paper, but also copying these published and searchable contents is meaningless.
所以，在論文涉和到已有成果的地方，不去重抄已有的成果，而是指出登載這個成果文獻（出處），這種做法叫做引用參考文獻引用了參考文獻，就要在涉和前人成果的地方做一個標記，見到這個標記，讀者就知道在這里引用了參考文獻；按照這個標記在參考文獻表中就能找到刊登這個成果的詳細內容的文章。在正文中引用參考文獻的地方加一個標記，稱為參考文獻的標注。標注的方法稱為標注法。
So, when the paper involves existing achievements, do not plagiarize the existing achievements, but point out the source of the published literature. This approach is called citing references. If a reference is cited, a mark should be made in the place where the previous achievements are related. When the mark is seen, the reader knows that the reference is cited here; By following this label, you can find the detailed content of the article that published this achievement in the reference list. Add a marker in the main text where references are cited, which is called the citation of references. The method of annotation is called annotation method.
2 參考文獻著錄的目的和作用
The purpose and role of reference citation
對于一篇完整的學術論文，參考文獻的著錄是不可缺少的。歸納起來，參考文獻著錄的目的和作用主要體現在以下5個方面。
For a complete academic paper, citation is essential. In summary, the purpose and role of reference citation are mainly reflected in the following five aspects.
1） 著錄參考文獻可以反映論文作者的科學態度和論文具有真實、廣泛的科學依據，也反映出該論文的起點和深度。科學技術以和科學技術研究工作都有繼承性，現時的研究都是在過去研究的基礎上進行的，今人的研究成果或研究工作一般都是前人研究成果或研究工作的繼續和發展；因此，在論文中涉和研究的背景、理由、目的.等的闡述，必然要對過去的工作進行評價，著錄參考文獻即能表明言之有據，并明白交待出該論文的起點和深度。這在一定程度上為論文審閱者、編者和讀者評估論文的價值和水平提供了客觀依據。
1) Reference citation can reflect the scientific attitude of the author and the fact that the paper has genuine and extensive scientific basis, as well as the starting point and depth of the paper. Science and technology, as well as scientific and technological research work, have inheritance. Current research is based on past research, and current research results or work are generally the continuation and development of previous research results or work; Therefore, in elaborating on the background, reasons, objectives, and other aspects of the research in the paper, it is necessary to evaluate past work, record references, and clearly explain the starting point and depth of the paper. This provides an objective basis for reviewers, editors, and readers to evaluate the value and level of the paper to a certain extent.
2） 著錄參考文獻能方便地把論文作者的成果和前人的成果區別開來。論文報道的研究成果雖然是論文作者自己的，但在闡述和論證過程中免不了要引用前人的成果，包括觀點、方法、數據和其它資料，若對引用部分加以標注，則他人的成果將表示得十分清楚。這不僅表明了論文作者對他人勞動的尊重，而且也免除了抄襲、剽竊他人成果的嫌疑
2) Recording references can easily distinguish the authors achievements from those of predecessors. Although the research results reported in the paper are the authors own, it is inevitable to cite the achievements of predecessors, including viewpoints, methods, data, and other materials, in the process of elaboration and argumentation. If the cited parts are marked, the achievements of others will be expressed very clearly. This not only demonstrates the authors respect for the labor of others, but also exempts them from suspicion of plagiarism and plagiarism in their work
3） 著錄參考文獻能起索引作用。讀者通過著錄的參考文獻，可方便地檢索和查找有關圖書資料，以對該論文中的引文有更詳盡的了解
3) Recording references can serve as an index. Readers can easily search and search for relevant book materials through the recorded references, in order to have a more detailed understanding of the citations in the paper
4） 著錄參考文獻有利于節省論文篇幅。論文中需要表述的某些內容，凡已有文獻所載者不必詳述，只在相應之處注明見何文獻即可。這不僅精練了語言，節省了篇幅，而且避免了一般性表述和資料堆積，使論文容易達到篇幅短、內容精的要求
4) Recording references is beneficial for saving paper space. Some of the content that needs to be expressed in the paper does not need to be elaborated on in existing literature. Only indicate where the literature is found in the corresponding section. This not only refines the language and saves space, but also avoids general expressions and data accumulation, making it easy for the paper to meet the requirements of short length and precise content
5） 著錄參考文獻有助于科技情報人員進行情報研究和文摘計量學研究。
5) Recording references can help scientific and technological intelligence personnel conduct intelligence research and bibliometric research.
3 參考文獻的著錄原則
Principles for Recording References
1） 只著錄最必要、最新的文獻。著錄的文獻要精選，僅限于著錄作者親自閱讀過并在論文中直接引用的文獻，而且，無特殊需要不必羅列眾所周知的教科書或某些陳舊史料
1) Only record the most necessary and up-to-date literature. The recorded literature should be carefully selected, limited to those that the author has personally read and directly cited in the paper, and there is no need to list well-known textbooks or some outdated historical materials without special needs
2） 只著錄公開發表的文獻。公開發表是指在國內外公開發行的報刊或正式出版的圖書上發表。在供內部交流的刊物上發表的文章和內部使用的資料，尤其是不宜公開的資料，均不能作為參考文獻引用
2) Only record publicly published literature. Public publication refers to publishing in newspapers or officially published books both domestically and internationally. Articles published in publications for internal communication and materials used internally, especially materials that are not suitable for public disclosure, cannot be cited as references
3） 引用論點必須準確無誤，不能斷章取義。
3) Quoting arguments must be accurate and not taken out of context.
4） 采用規范化的著錄格式。關于文后參考文獻的著錄已有國際標準和國家標準，論文作者和期刊編者都應熟練掌握，嚴格執行
4) Adopt standardized recording format. There are international and national standards for the citation of references in the text, and authors and journal editors should be proficient and strictly adhere to them
5） 參考文獻的著錄方法。根據GB 7714—87《文后參考文獻著錄規則》中規定采用“順序編碼制”和“著者?出版年制”兩種。其中，順序編碼制為我國科技期刊所普遍采用，所以這里作重點紹。
5) The citation method of references. According to GB 7714-87 "Rules for Bibliography of References", two methods are adopted: "sequential coding system" and "author publication year system". Among them, the sequential coding system is widely adopted in scientific and technological journals in China, so it is emphasized here.
4 順序編碼制
sequence coding system
順序編碼制是指作者在論文中所引用的文獻按它們在文中出現的先后順序，用阿拉伯數字加方括號連續編碼，視具體情況把序號作為上角或作為語句的組成部分進行標注，并在文后參考文獻表中，各條文獻按在論文中出現的文獻序號順序依次排列
The sequential coding system refers to the continuous coding of the references cited by the author in their paper in the order in which they appear in the paper, using Arabic numerals and square brackets. Depending on the specific situation, the numbering is marked as the upper corner or as a component of the sentence, and in the reference list at the end of the paper, each reference is arranged in the order of its appearance in the paper
外文參考文獻書寫技巧
把光標放在引用參考文獻的地方，在菜單欄上選“插入|腳注和尾注”，彈出的對話框中選擇“尾注”，點擊“選項”按鈕修改編號格式為阿拉伯數字，位置為“文檔結尾”，確定后Word就在光標的地方插入了參考文獻的編號，并自動跳到文檔尾部相應編號處請你鍵入參考文獻的說明，在這里按參考文獻著錄表的格式添加相應文獻。參考文獻標注要求用中括號把編號括起來，以word2007為例，可以在插入尾注時先把光標移至需要插入尾注的地方，然后點擊 引用-腳注下面的一個小箭頭，在出現的對話框中有個自定義，然后輸入中括號及數字，然后點插入，然后自動跳轉到本節/本文檔末端，此時再輸入參考文獻內容即可。
Place the cursor at the reference citation location, select "Insert | Footnote and Endnote" in the menu bar, select "Endnote" in the pop-up dialog box, click the "Options" button to modify the numbering format to Arabic numerals, and position it to "End of Document". After confirmation, Word s the reference number at the cursor location and automatically jumps to the corresponding number at the end of the document. Please type the description of the reference and add the corresponding literature in the format of the reference description table. Reference annotation requires the number to be enclosed in square brackets. Taking Word2007 as an example, when ing an endnote, you can first move the cursor to the location where the endnote needs to be ed, and then click a small arrow below the citation footnote. In the dialog box that appears, there is a custom option. Then, enter the square brackets and numbers, click Insert, and automatically jump to the end of this section/document. At this point, you can enter the reference content again.
在文檔中需要多次引用同一文獻時，在第一次引用此文獻時需要制作尾注，再次引用此文獻時點“插入|交叉引用”，“引用類型”選“尾注”，引用內容為“尾注編號（帶格式）”，然后選擇相應的文獻，插入即可。
When the same literature needs to be cited multiple times in a document, an endnote needs to be made when citing this literature for the first time. When citing this literature again, click "Insert | Cross reference", select "Endnote" for "citation type", and the citation content should be "Endnote number (with format)". Then select the corresponding literature and it.
不要以為已經搞定了，我們離成功還差一步。論文格式要求參考文獻在正文之后，參考文獻后還有發表論文情況說明、附錄和致謝，而Word的尾注要么在文檔的結尾，要么在“節”的結尾，這兩種都不符合我們的要求。解決的方法似乎有點笨拙。首先刪除尾注文本中所有的編號（我們不需要它，因為它的格式不對），然后選中所有尾注文本（參考文獻說明文本），點“插入|書簽”，命名為“參考文獻文本”，添加到書簽中。這樣就把所有的參考文獻文本做成了書簽。在正文后新建一頁，標題為“參考文獻”，并設置好格式。光標移到標題下，選“插入|交叉引用”，“引用類型”為“書簽”，點“參考文獻文本”后插入，這樣就把參考文獻文本復制了一份。選中剛剛插入的文本，按格式要求修改字體字號等，并用項目編號進行自動編號。
Dont think its already done, were still one step away from success. The format of the paper requires references to be placed after the main text, followed by a description of the publication status, appendix, and acknowledgments. However, Words endnotes are either at the end of the document or at the end of the section, both of which do not meet our requirements. The solution seems a bit clumsy. First, all the numbering in the endnote text (we dont need it because its format is incorrect), then select all the endnote text (reference description text), click "Insert | Bookmark", name it "Reference Text", and add it to the bookmark. This makes all the reference texts bookmarked. Create a new page after the main text with the title "References" and set the format accordingly. Move the cursor under the title, select "Insert | Cross Reference", set "Reference Type" to "Bookmark", click "Reference Text" and it. This will make a copy of the reference text. Select the text you just ed, modify the font size, etc. according to the formatting requirements, and use the project number for automatic numbering.
打印文檔時，尾注頁同樣會打印出來，而這幾頁是我們不需要的。當然，可以通過設置打印頁碼范圍的.方法不打印最后幾頁。
When printing a document, the endnote page will also be printed, and these few pages are not needed by us. Of course, the last few pages can be skipped by setting the printing page range.
選中所有的尾注文本，點“格式|字體”，改為“隱藏文字”，切換到普通視圖，選擇“視圖|腳注”，此時所有的尾注出現于窗口的下端，在“尾注”下拉列表框中選擇“尾注分割符”，將默認的橫線刪除。同樣的方法刪除“尾注延續分割符”和“尾注延續標記”。刪除頁眉和頁腳（包括分隔線），選擇“視圖|頁眉和頁腳”，首先刪除文字，然后點擊頁眉頁腳工具欄的“頁面設置”按鈕，在彈出的對話框上點“邊框”，在“頁面邊框”選項卡，邊框設置為“無”，應用范圍為“本節”；“邊框”選項卡的邊框設置為“無”，應用范圍為“段落”。切換到“頁腳”，刪除頁碼。選擇“工具|選項”，在“打印”選項卡里確認不打印隱藏文字（Word默認）。
Select all endnote text, click "Format | Font", change to "Hidden Text", switch to normal view, select "View | Footnotes", all endnotes will appear at the bottom of the window. In the "Endnote" drop-down list box, select "Endnote Splitter" to remove the default horizontal line. Using the same method, remove the "endnote continuation separator" and "endnote continuation marker". Delete the header and footer (including separators), select "View | Header and Footer", first the text, then click the "Page Settings" button on the header and footer toolbar, click "Borders" on the pop-up dialog box, and in the "Page Borders" tab, set the border to "None" and apply it to "This Section"; The border of the "Borders" tab is set to "None" and its application scope is "Paragraph". Switch to "Footer" and page numbers. Select "Tools | Options" and confirm in the "Print" tab that hidden text will not be printed (Word default).
注：以上在word中的處理是比較常用的做法，不過作者需要了解，投稿稿件是word格式或pdf格式或wps格式，但是很多期刊是用方正排版系統排版的，二者不“兼容”。因此，作者的word投稿只是編輯部排版的原稿，排版問題作者無需太過擔心；而作者如想要編輯部出刊前最后的電子稿（有些作者著急要清樣或已經排版的電子稿）其實也沒有太大意義，因為沒有方正的軟件就無法打開這個電子稿。
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5.李浩培著《條約法概論》，法律出版社2003年版
Introduction to Treaty Law by Li Haopei, Law Press, 2003 edition
6.周忠海等著《國際法學述評》，法律出版社2001年版
Review of International Law by Zhou Zhonghai et al., Law Press, 2001 edition
7.李居遷著《WTO爭端解決機制》，中國財政經濟出版社2001年版
7. Li Juqians "WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism", published by China Finance and Economics Press in 2001
8.宣增益主編《世界貿易組織法律教程》，中信出版社2003年版
"Legal Course on the World Trade Organization" edited by Xuan Zengli, published by CITIC Press in 2003
9.梁西著《國際組織法》(總論)，武漢大學出版社2001年版
9. Liang Xis "International Organization Law" (General), Wuhan University Press, 2001 edition
10.司法部法規教育司,國家外國專家科教文衛司編《WTO爭端解決機制/規則、程序與實踐》，法律出版社2002年版
10. "WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism/Rules, Procedures and Practice" edited by the Department of Regulations and Education of the Ministry of Justice and the Department of Science, Education, Culture and Health of National Foreign Experts, published by Law Press in 2002
11.余敏友、左海聰、黃志雄著《WTO爭端解決機制概論》，上海人民出版社2001年版
Introduction to WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism by Yu Minyou, Zuo Haicong, and Huang Zhixiong, Shanghai Peoples Publishing House, 2001 edition
12.曾令良著《世界貿易組織法》，武漢大學出版社1996年版
12. Zeng Lingliangs "World Trade Organization Law", Wuhan University Press, 1996 edition
13.沈木珠著《國際貿易法研究》，法律出版社，2002年版
13. Shen Muzhus "Research on International Trade Law", Legal Publishing House, 2002 edition
14.回滬明、趙松嶺主編《世界貿易組織(WTO)及其爭端解決經驗》，中國方正出版社2002年版
14. Edited by Hui Huiming and Zhao Songling, "The World Trade Organization (WTO) and Its Dispute Resolution Experience", published by China Fangzheng Publishing House in 2002
15.朱欖葉編《世界貿易組織國際貿易糾紛案例評析》法律出版社2000年版
15. Zhu Lanyes "Analysis of International Trade Dispute Cases in the World Trade Organization" published by Legal Publishing House in 2000
16.韓立余著《WTO案例及評析(1995-1999)》(上、下卷)，中國人民大學出版社2001年版
16. Han Liyus "WTO Cases and Analysis (1995-1999)" (Volume I and II), published by Renmin University Press of China in 2001
17.韓立余著《WTO案例及評析(2000)》，中國人民大學出版社2001年版
17. Han Liyus "WTO Cases and Analysis (2000)", published by Renmin University Press of China in 2001
18.楊榮珍編《WTO爭端解決案例與評析》對外經濟貿易大學出版社2002版
18. Yang Rongzhen, edited "WTO Dispute Resolution Cases and Analysis", published by the University of International Business and Economics Press in 2002
19.周忠海著《論國際法在WTO爭端解決機制中的作用》，載于《北京市政法管理干部學院學報》，2002年第2期
19. Zhou Zhonghais "On the Role of International Law in the WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism", published in the Journal of Beijing Political and Legal Management Cadre College, Issue 2, 2002
20.趙秀文著《論世界貿易組織的爭議解決機制》，載于《國際法學論叢》，民族出版社2001年版
20. Zhao Xiuwens "On the Dispute Resolution Mechanism of the World Trade Organization", published in "Collected Works of International Law", Ethnic Publishing House, 2001 edition
21.楊國華等著《WTO爭端解決機制中的磋商程序研究》，載于《法學評論》2003年第2期
21. Yang Guohua et al., "Research on Consultation Procedures in WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanisms", published in Legal Review, Vol. 2, 2003
22.楊國華、李著《談WTO爭端解決程序中的``第三方》，載于商務部網站中國政法大學碩士學位論文論WTO爭端解決機制的發展與改革
22. Yang Guohua and Lis "On the Third Party in the WTO Dispute Settlement Procedure", published on the website of the Ministry of Commerce, in the Masters Thesis of China University of Political Science and Law on the Development and Reform of the WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism
23.王新著《WTO爭端解決機制和下一輪談判的主要問題及我們的對策》，載于《律師世界》2002年第2期
23. Wang Xins "WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism and Main Issues in the Next Round of Negotiations and Our Countermeasures", published in Lawyers World, Issue 2, 2002
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